TOSHKENT SHAHRI MISOLIDA QURILISH CHANGI VA BOLALARDA ALLERGIK RINIT O‘RTASIDAGI BOG‘LIQLIK
Keywords:
Qurilish changi; Allergik rinit; Bolalar; Partikulyar moddalar (PM₂.₅, PM₁₀); Trafik bilan bog‘liq havoning ifloslanishi; Tashkent shahri; Epidemiologik kuzatuv.Abstract
Allergik rinit dunyo miqyosida bolalik davridagi eng keng tarqalgan surunkali allergik kasalliklardan biri hisoblanib, 6–7 yoshli bolalarda o‘rtacha 8,5 %, 13–14 yoshli o‘smirlarda esa 14,6 % gacha uchrashi ko‘rsatilgan. Shaharsozlik, avtomobil transporti va qurilish ishlarining jadallashuvi fonida atmosfera havosining changlanishi, ayniqsa PM₂.₅ va PM₁₀ partikulyar moddalar konsentratsiyasining ortishi bolalarda allergik rinit rivojlanishi va kuchayishida muhim ekologik omil sifatida ko‘rilmoqda. Epidemiologik tadqiqotlar NO₂, SO₂, PM₂.₅ va PM₁₀ konsentratsiyalari bolalarda allergik rinit prevalensiyasi bilan ijobiy bog‘liq ekanini ko‘rsatgan. Trafik bilan bog‘liq havoning ifloslanishi (TRAP)ga erta yoshdan ta’sir qilish bolalarda allergik rinit va boshqa respirator allergik kasalliklar xavfini oshirishi haqida ko‘plab ishlar mavjud. Tashkent shahrida PM₂.₅ va PM₁₀ darajalari ko‘p hollarda Jahon sog‘liqni saqlash tashkiloti (JSST) tavsiya etgan me’yorlardan yuqori bo‘lib, havoning “o‘rtacha” yoki “nosog‘lom guruhlar uchun zararli” diapazonida saqlanib turishi bolalar salomatligi uchun xavf tug‘diradi.
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